Which criterion justifies involuntary hospitalization?

• A. Risk of harm to self or others
• B. Diagnosis alone
• C. Patient request
• D. Family history of mental illness

Answer: (A)

Danger of harm to self or others is what justifies involuntary hospitalization. When someone with a psychiatric illness is assessed as a real danger to themselves or to others, or is gravely disabled and unable to meet basic needs, involuntary admission may be warranted to prevent harm and provide treatment. A diagnosis alone doesn’t justify involuntary hospitalization, because treatment decisions depend on current risk and functioning, not just a label. A patient’s request for admission usually indicates voluntary entry, and a family history of mental illness does not by itself show imminent danger or incapacity.